Summer is officially here!

Summer is officially here, and with it comes longer days, outdoor gatherings, and the kind of warmth that draws people outside. But as temperatures climb, so do the risks to our health. Whether you’re a seasoned adult managing chronic conditions or simply someone who loves a backyard barbecue, understanding how heat affects the body can be the difference between a great summer and a dangerous one.

The human body is remarkably good at regulating its own temperature, but only up to a point. When the mercury rises above 90°F, especially with high humidity, our natural cooling system starts to struggle. We sweat, our hearts pump harder, and blood vessels near the skin dilate to release heat. For most healthy adults, this works reasonably well. But for older adults, those taking certain medications, or anyone spending extended time outdoors, the body can quickly become overwhelmed. Heat exhaustion and heatstroke are not just discomforts, they are medical emergencies. Heatstroke, in particular, can cause organ damage and become fatal within minutes if untreated. Recognizing the warning signs early is critical.

Heat exhaustion symptoms include heavy sweating, cool and pale skin, a fast but weak pulse, nausea, and muscle cramps. If you or someone nearby experiences these, move to a cool place immediately, drink water slowly, and apply cool, damp cloths to the skin. Heatstroke is more severe. Signs include a body temperature above 103°F, hot and red skin that may be dry or damp, a rapid and strong pulse, and possible confusion or loss of consciousness. Call 911 immediately, as this is a life-threatening situation.

Adults over 65 face unique challenges in the heat. The body’s ability to sense temperature changes and regulate sweating decreases with age. Many common medications, including diuretics, antihistamines, and beta-blockers, can further impair the body’s response to heat. If you or a loved one takes prescription medications, speak with a doctor or pharmacist about any heat-related risks before summer is in full swing. Older adults living alone are particularly vulnerable. Community members and family should check in regularly during heat waves, especially if the person does not have air conditioning.

Staying safe this summer doesn’t require sacrificing fun, just a little planning. Stay hydrated by drinking water consistently throughout the day, even before you feel thirsty. Thirst is often a late indicator of dehydration. Wear lightweight, light-colored, loose-fitting clothing, and apply broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher when going outside.

Schedule outdoor activities for the cooler parts of the day (early morning or evening) and take breaks in the shade or indoors during peak heat hours, typically between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. Public libraries, shopping centers, and community centers can serve as cooling stations if your home lacks air conditioning. Summer should be a season of enjoyment. With the right precautions, it can be exactly that, safely, for everyone.

THE VIEWS OF SUBMITTED EDITORIALS MAY NOT BE THE EXPRESS VIEWS OF THE ALABAMA GAZETTE.